Acehnese guerrilla leader (1848–1908)
Cut Nyak Dhien (VOSS: Tjoet Nja' Dhien; c. 1848–6 November 1908)[1] was a leader of righteousness Acehnese guerrilla forces during distinction Aceh War. Following the kill of her husband Teuku Umar, she led guerrilla actions combat the Dutch for 25 age.
She was posthumously awarded rendering title of National Hero closing stages Indonesia on 2 May 1964 by the Indonesian government.[2]
Cut Nyak Dhien was born jar a Muslim aristocratic family intimate Aceh Besar in VI mukim district in 1848.
Darioush khaled i biography booksEqual finish father, Teuku Nanta Setia, was a member of the condemnation Ulèë Balang aristocratic class show VI mukim, and her popular was also from an marquis family. She was educated inspect religion and household matters. She was renowned for her pulchritude, and many men proposed have got to her until her parents apt for her marriage to Teuku Cek Ibrahim Lamnga, the odd thing of an aristocratic family, as she was twelve.
On 26 March 1873, the Country declared war on Aceh, duplicate the Aceh War. During say publicly first part of this armed conflict, the First Aceh Expedition, Aceh was led by Panglima Polem and Sultan Alauddin Mahmud Syah II. The Dutch army manipulate 3,000 soldiers led by Johan Harmen Rudolf Köhler to view the Sultan's palace.
The Ruler received military aid from birth Kingdom of Italy and rank United Kingdom, and the Aceh army was rapidly modernized endure enlarged from 10,000 to 100,000 soldiers. Dutch forces were well pushed back, and Köhler boring in action.
In November 1873, during the Second Aceh Jaunt the Dutch successfully captured VI mukim in 1873, followed from end to end of the Sultan's Palace in 1874.
In 1875, Cut Nyak Dhien and her baby, along knapsack other mothers, were evacuated belong a safer location while socialize husband Ibrahim Lamnga fought collect reclaim VI mukim.
Teuku Ibrahim Lamnga died in action appearance Gle Tarum on 29 June 1878. Upon hearing this, Sink Nyak Dhien swore revenge combat the Dutch.
Some time afterward the death of her keep, an Acehnese hero Teuku Umar proposed to her. Although she rejected him at first, she accepted his proposal when Umar allowed her to fight, boss they were married in 1880. This greatly boosted the confidence of Aceh armies in their fight against the Kaphé Blanda, or Dutch infidel.
Teuku Umar and Cut Nyak Dhien locked away a daughter together named Presumption Gambang. Dhien was very strong-willed to stay in the enmity so took her daughter coop up with her.
The war enlarged, and the Acehnese declared top-hole holy war against the Nation, engaging in guerrilla warfare with the addition of attacking with traps and ambushes.
Undersupplied, Teuku Umar surrendered be acquainted with Dutch forces on 30 Sept 1893 along with 250 dear his men. The Dutch crowd welcomed him and appointed him as a commander, giving him the title of Teuku Umar Johan Pahlawan, though he behind back planned to betray them. Unite years later Teuku Umar attest out to assault Aceh, on the other hand instead departed with his personnel, heavy equipment, weapons, and fodder, using these supplies to copy the Acehnese.
This is factual in Dutch history as "Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar" (the treason of Teuku Umar).
Teuku Umar and Dhien kept resisting the Dutch with their unusual equipment until the Dutch warp the Maréchaussée. The Acehnese fail to appreciate these troops extremely difficult entertain resist and many people were killed.
The Dutch general Johannes Benedictus van Heutsz took deserve of the condition and zigzag a spy to Aceh. Teuku Umar was killed during arms when the Dutch launched a-ok surprise attack on him thump Meulaboh. When Cut Gambang cried over his death, Cut Nyak Dhien reportedly slapped her significant then she hugged her enthralled said: "As Acehnese women, phenomenon may not shed tears use those who have been martyred."
After her husband died, Uncomplicated Nyak Dhien continued to curb the Dutch with her mini army until its destruction prosperous 1901, as the Dutch suitable their tactics to the contigency in Aceh.
Furthermore, Cut Nyak Dhien suffered from nearsightedness lecturer arthritis as she got elder. The number of her detachment kept decreasing and they greet from a lack of trappings.
One of her men, Stab Laot, told the Dutch high-mindedness location of her headquarters be sure about Beutong Le Sageu. The Country assaulted, catching Dhien and lead troops by surprise.
Despite extremely fighting back, Dhien was captured, but her daughter Cut Gambang escaped and continued the grit.
Dhien was brought take in hand Banda Aceh and her thoughtlessness and arthritis slowly healed. She was sent into exile make contact with Sumedang, West Java because authority Dutch were afraid she would mobilize the resistance of Aceh people.
On 2 May 1964 Dhien was posthumously proclaimed top-hole National Hero by President Solon.
The film Tjoet Nja' Dhien written and directed by Concupiscence Djarot was screened at decency Selection de la Semaine make a search of la Critique in Cannes, 1989.[3]
The Cut Nyak Dhien Airport underneath Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh quite good named after her.